Enlargement of the splenic flexure which is beyond the limits of normal colonic distention.
Alternative Names
Colon splenic flexure distention
Causes, incidence, and risk factors
This is usually caused by infection (tuberculosis, amebiasis ), inflammation ( ulcerative colitis , Crohn's disease ), twisting of the colon (torsion, volvulus) or cancer causing obstruction. If the colon does not contract properly (ileus) the splenic flexure can become distended.
Signs and tests
Splenic flexure distention may be identified by the following studies:
Abdominal X-ray Barium enema Abdominal CT scan Abdominal MRI
Treatment
Treatment is based upon decompressing the colon and treating the underlying cause of distention. This may be done with a rectal tube for decompression, or a colonoscopy to remove excess air in the colon. Occasionally a surgery may be performed to remove a cause of obstruction or to prevent perforation.
Expectations (prognosis)
Prognosis is generally good if an underlying cause of distention can be identified and treated.
Complications
Complications are primarily perforation (hole in the colon) and infection.
Calling your health care provider
Symptoms of abdominal pain, abdominal distention, or fever occur.
Prevention
There are no methods of preventing splenic flexure distention.